Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Sport Management, University of Kurdistan

2 M.Sc. of Sport Management, University of Kurdistan

Abstract

Nowadays, the phenomenon of counterfeiting introduces as a huge economic, social and political issue in all around the world. Accordingly, aiming of the present study was to investigate the impacts of moral awareness, emotions and Intensity on the intention to buy counterfeit brands of sport apparel. Present study was done in descriptive correlative approach. Students of Physical Education in the University of Kurdistan were chosen as statistical sample by census approach (N=200). The findings showed that the moral awareness variable had a significant relationship with moral judgment (0.59), moral emotions (0.58) and Moral Intensity (0.90) had a significant relationship. There is also a significant relationship between moral emotions with moral judgments and Moral Intensitywith moral judgment on the purchase intention and the proposed model has an appropriate fitness. It is possible to promote the level of moral emotions and Moral Intensityof the consumers by planning campaigns and programs for raising the moral awareness of the consumers via expressing the consequences and aftereffects of purchasing and consuming counterfeit brands of sport apparels. Therefore, they can have a better moral judgment which lead to reduce intentions to purchase counterfeit sport apparel.

Keywords

  1. Argent, F., 2014. Online enforcement of counterfeit luxury goods: the China problem. Global Legal Post. (Retrieved from) ⟨http://www.globallegalpost.com/bigstories/online-enforcement-of-counterfeit-luxury-goods-62665863/⟩
  2. Argent, F., 2014. Online enforcement of counterfeit luxury goods: the China problem. Global Legal Post. (Retrieved from) ⟨http://www.globallegalpost.com/bigstories/online-enforcement-of-counterfeit-luxury-goods-62665863/⟩
  3. Atesoglu, I. & Erdogan, H. H. (2009). "The Effects of Brand Imitation on Ready-Made Clothing Companies". Electronic Journal of TextileTechnologies, 3 (2), PP. 43-49.
  4. Augusto de Matos, C., Trindade Ituassu, C., & Vargas Rossi, C. A. (2007). Consumer attitudes toward counterfeits: a review and extension. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 24(1), 36-47.
  5. Bahng, Y., Kincade, D., & Yang, J. (2013). U.S. college students' apparel shopping orientation and brand/product preferences within the context of college major. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 17(3), 367-384.
  6. Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., & Wadsworth, L. L. (2009). The impact of moral intensity dimensions on ethical decision-making: Assessing the relevance of orientation. Journal of Managerial Issues, 534-551.‏
  7. Chaudary, M. W. T., Ahmed, F., Gill, M. S., & Rizwan, M. (2014). The determinants of purchase intention of consumers towards counterfeit shoes in Pakistan. Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 4(3), 20-38.‏
  8. Chaudhry, P. E. (2013). Protecting your intellectual property rights. Business horizons, 2(56), 131-133.
  9. Chen, M. F., Pan, C. T., & Pan, M. C. (2009). The joint moderating impact of moral intensity and moral judgment on consumer’s use intention of pirated software. Journal of Business Ethics, 90(3), 361-373.‏
  10. Chiou, J.-S., Huang, C.-y., & Lee, H.-h. (2005). The antecedents of music piracy attitudes and intentions. Journal of Business Ethics, 57(2), 161-174.
  11. Chiu, W., & Leng, H. K. (2016). Consumers’ intention to purchase counterfeit sporting goods in Singapore and Taiwan. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 28(1), 23-36.
  12. Chiu, W., Lee, K.-Y., & Won, D. (2014). Consumer behavior toward counterfeit sporting goods. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 42(4), 615-624.
  13. Clarkeburn, H. (2002). A test for ethical sensitivity in science. Journal of Moral education, 31(4), 439-453.
  14. De Hooge, I. E., Zeelenberg, M., & Breugelmans, S. M. (2007). Moral sentiments and cooperation: Differential influences of shame and guilt. Cognition and emotion, 21(5), 1025-1042.
  15. Eisend, M., & Schuchert-Güler, P. (2006). Explaining counterfeit purchases: A review and preview.
  16. Fernandes, C. (2013). Analysis of counterfeit fashion purchase behaviour in UAE. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 17(1), 85-97.
  17. Greene, J., & Haidt, J. (2002). How (and where) does moral judgment work? Trends in cognitive sciences, 6(12), 517-523.
  18. Gregory, B. T., Armenakis, A. A., Moates, K. N., Albritton, M. D., & Harris, S. G. (2007). Achieving scientific rigor in organizational diagnosis: An application of the diagnostic funnel. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 59(2), 79.
  19. Ha, S., & Lennon, S. J. (2006). Purchase intent for fashion counterfeit products: Ethical ideologies, ethical judgments, and perceived risks. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 24(4), 297-315.
  20. Haidt, J. (2003). The moral emotions. Handbook of affective sciences, 11, 852-870.
  21. Hamelin, N., Nwankwo, S., & El Hadouchi, R. (2013). ‘Faking brands’: consumer responses to counterfeiting. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 12(3), 159-170.
  22. Hilton, B., Choi, C. J., & Chen, S. (2004). The ethics of counterfeiting in the fashion industry: Quality, credence and profit issues. Journal of Business Ethics, 55(4), 343-352.
  23. Hoon Ang, S., Sim Cheng, P., Lim, E. A., & Kuan Tambyah, S. (2001). Spot the difference: consumer responses towards counterfeits. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 18(3), 219-235.
  24. Ishida, C., Chang, W., & Taylor, S. (2016). Moral intensity, moral awareness and ethical predispositions: The case of insurance fraud. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 21(1), 4-18.
  25. Jirotmontree, A. (2013). Business ethics and counterfeit purchase intention: A comparative study on Thais and Singaporeans. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 25(4), 281-288.
  26. Jones, T. M. (1991). Ethical decision making by individuals in organizations: An issue-contingent model. Academy of management review, 16(2), 366-395.
  27. Jordan, J. (2007). Taking the first step toward a moral action: A review of moral sensitivity measurement across domains. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 168(3), 323-359.
  28. Kim, H., & Karpova, E. (2010). Consumer attitudes toward fashion counterfeits: Application of the theory of planned behavior. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 28(2), 79-94.
  29. Kim, J.-E. (2009). The Influence of Moral Emotions in Young Adults moral Decision Making: a Cross-Cultural Examination. University of Minnsota.  
  30. Kim, J.-E., & Johnson, K. K. (2013). The impact of moral emotions on cause-related marketing campaigns: A cross-cultural examination. Journal of Business Ethics, 112(1), 79-90.
  31. Kim, J.-E., & KP Johnson, K. (2014). Shame or pride? The moderating role of self-construal on moral judgments concerning fashion counterfeits. European Journal of marketing, 48(7/8), 1431-1450.
  32. Kim, J.-E., Cho, H. J., & Johnson, K. K. (2009). Influence of moral affect, judgment, and intensity on decision making concerning counterfeit, gray-market, and imitation products. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 27(3), 211-226.
  33. Kos Koklic, M., & Vida, I. (2016). Interplay of the drivers and deterrents of leisure counterfeit purchase intentions. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 17(6), 916-929.‏
  34. Lincoln, S. H., & Holmes, E. K. (2011). Ethical decision making: A process influenced by moral intensity. Journal of Healthcare, Science and the Humanities, 1(1), 55-69.
  35. Maldonado, C. &Hume, E. C. (2005). Attitudes Toward Counterfeit Products: An Ethical Perspective. Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues, 8(2), 105-117.
  36. Marticotte, F., & Arcand, M. (2017). Schadenfreude, attitude and the purchase intentions of a counterfeit luxury brand. Journal of Business Research. ‏

 

  1. Martinez, L. F., Martinez, L. F., Jaeger, D. S., & Jaeger, D. S. (2016). Ethical decision making in counterfeit purchase situations: the influence of moral awareness and moral emotions on moral judgment and purchase intentions. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 33(3), 213-223.
  2. May, D. R., & Pauli, K. P. (2002). The role of moral intensity in ethical decision making: A review and investigation of moral recognition, evaluation, and intention. Business & Society, 41(1), 84-117.‏
  3. Michaelidou, N., & Christodoulides, G. (2011). Antecedents of attitude and intention towards counterfeit symbolic and experiential products. Journal of Marketing Management, 27(9-10), 976-991.
  4. Monin, B., Pizarro, D. A., & Beer, J. S. (2007). Deciding versus reacting: Conceptions of moral judgment and the reason-affect debate. Review of General Psychology, 11(2), 99.
  5. Moores, T. T., & Chang, J. C.-J. (2006). Ethical decision making in software piracy: Initial development and test of a four-component model. Mis Quarterly, 167-180.
  6. Morris, S. A., & McDonald, R. A. (2013). The role of moral intensity in moral judgments: An empirical investigation. In Citation Classics from the Journal of Business Ethics (pp. 463-479). Springer Netherlands.‏
  7. Nazari, M. A. Khorasani Taraqi, H.(2014) Determinants of purchasing counterfeit luxury brands(Case Study in Tehran). Business Management. 2: 61- 83.(Persian).
  8. Penz, E., & Stottinger, B. (2005). Forget the Areal@ Thingbtake the Copy! an Explanatory Model For the Volitional Purchase of Counterfeit Products. NA-Advances in Consumer Research Volume 32.
  9. Perez, M. E., Castaño, R., & Quintanilla, C. (2010). Constructing identity through the consumption of counterfeit luxury goods. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 13(3), 219-235.
  10. Phau, I., Teah, M., & Lee, A. (2009). Targeting buyers of counterfeits of luxury brands: A study on attitudes of Singaporean consumers. Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 17(1), 3-15.
  11. Refuel Agency (2015). What makes college consumers so valuable to marketers? Retrieved from http://www.refuelagency.com/expertise/college-marketing.
  12. Sharma, P., & Chan, R. Y. (2016). Demystifying deliberate counterfeit purchase behaviour: Towards a unified conceptual framework. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 34(3), 318-335.
  13. Staake, T., Thiesse, F., & Fleisch, E. (2009). The emergence of counterfeit trade: a literature review. European Journal of marketing, 43(3/4), 320-349.
  14. Sweeney, B., & Costello, F. (2009). Moral intensity and ethical decision-making: An empirical examination of undergraduate accounting and business students. Accounting Education, 18(1), 75-97.‏
  15. Tan, B. (2002). Understanding consumer ethical decision making with respect to purchase of pirated software. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 19(2), 96-111.
  16. Tang, F., Tian, V.-I., & Zaichkowsky, J. (2014). Understanding counterfeit consumption. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 26(1), 4-20.
  17. Umar, B. 2015. Fight Against Counterfeit Sports Products Grows as Business Booms. The Street [Online]. [Accessed 13 February 2015].
  18. Vitell, S. J., Paolillo, J. G., & Singh, J. J. (2006). The role of money and religiosity in determining consumers’ ethical beliefs. Journal of business ethics, 64(2), 117-124.‏
  19. Wagner, S. C., & Sanders, G. L. (2001). Considerations in ethical decision-making and software piracy. Journal of Business Ethics, 29(1), 161-167.
  20. Wilcox, K., Kim, H. M., & Sen, S. (2009). Why do consumers buy counterfeit luxury brands? Journal of marketing research, 46(2), 247-259.
  21. Yoh, T., Chen, H. Y., & Jang, I. (2016). Utilitarian and Hedonic Consumption Values on American College Students’ Athletic Footwear Purchase Intention. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 6(12), 307-320. ‏
  22. Zampetakis, L. (2014). The emotional dimension of the consumption of luxury counterfeit goods: an empirical taxonomy. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 32(1), 21-40.