افروزه, محمد صادق, زارعیان, حسین, کاظمی کرانی, بهلول. (1398). شناسایی و تحلیل ابعاد خشونت علیه کودکان در حوزه ورزش (رهیافت مبتنی بر تئوری داده بنیاد). پژوهش در ورزش تربیتی, 7(16), 213-234. doi: 10.22089/res.2018.5963.1479
محمد صادق افروزه; حسین زارعیان; بهلول کاظمی کرانی. "شناسایی و تحلیل ابعاد خشونت علیه کودکان در حوزه ورزش (رهیافت مبتنی بر تئوری داده بنیاد)". پژوهش در ورزش تربیتی, 7, 16, 1398, 213-234. doi: 10.22089/res.2018.5963.1479
افروزه, محمد صادق, زارعیان, حسین, کاظمی کرانی, بهلول. (1398). 'شناسایی و تحلیل ابعاد خشونت علیه کودکان در حوزه ورزش (رهیافت مبتنی بر تئوری داده بنیاد)', پژوهش در ورزش تربیتی, 7(16), pp. 213-234. doi: 10.22089/res.2018.5963.1479
افروزه, محمد صادق, زارعیان, حسین, کاظمی کرانی, بهلول. شناسایی و تحلیل ابعاد خشونت علیه کودکان در حوزه ورزش (رهیافت مبتنی بر تئوری داده بنیاد). پژوهش در ورزش تربیتی, 1398; 7(16): 213-234. doi: 10.22089/res.2018.5963.1479
شناسایی و تحلیل ابعاد خشونت علیه کودکان در حوزه ورزش (رهیافت مبتنی بر تئوری داده بنیاد)
2استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، پژوهشگاه تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی
3دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد، دانشگاه جهرم
چکیده
هدف: در دو دهه اخیر توجه به پدیده خشونت علیه کودکان در ورزش مورد تاکید قرار گرفته است که امر تا کنون در ورزش ایران مغفول بوده است، از این رو هدف این تحقیق شناسایی ابعاد خشونت علیه کودکان و بسترهای بروز آن بود. روش شناسی: با توجه به ماهیت کیفی و اکتشافی موضوع خشونت علیه کودکان در ورزش، از روش تحقیق کیفی از نوع گراندد تئوری و به شیوه گلیزر (1992) استفاده شد. فهرست مقدماتی با استفاده مطالعات اولیه فراهم شد که در ادامه با مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختار یافته با 16 از نخبگان، مربیان و کارشناسان آگاه از موضوع پژوهش داده های مورد تایید، جمع آوری گردید. نتایج: در حوزه بسترها 70 نشان شناسایی شد که در کد گذاری محوری محوری به 9 مقوله ی ناآگاهی، تابو، خرده فرهنگ، ساختار خانواده، ساختار باشگاه، ویژگی های شخصیتی عوامل باشگاه، امیال شخصی، یادگیری اجتماعی و موقعیت کودک طبقه بندی و در کدگذاری گزینشی به سه مولفه زمینه ای، ساختاری و رفتاری طببقه بندی شد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: بنظر می رسد عوامل در بروز پدیده خشونت علیه کودکان در ورزش ایران نقش ایفا می کنند که چهار عنصر فرد، خانواده، جامعه و باشگاه تشکیل دهنده های اصلی آن می باشند و نقصان در هر عنصر می تواند راه را برای خشونت علیه کودک هموار نماید
Identification and Analysis the Dimensions of Violence against Children in the Field of Sport (Foundation-Based of Grounded Theory Approach)
نویسندگان [English]
mohammad sadegh afroozeh1؛ hosen zarean2؛ bohlol kezemi karani3
1Assistant Professor of Sport Management, Jahrom University
2Assistant Professor of Sport Management, Sport Sciences Research Institute
3M.Sc Student of Jahrom University
چکیده [English]
Purpose: In the last two decades, attention has been paid to the phenomenon of violence against children in sport, which has so far been neglected in Iranian sport. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the dimensions and causes of violence against children. Methodology: Considering the qualitative and exploratory nature of the violence against children in sport, the method of qualitative research was applied to the grounded theory and Glaser method (1992). The preliminary list was provided using preliminary studies. Subsequently, semi-structured interviews were gathered with 16 of the elite, coachs and experts aware of the subject of the research. The data were then analyzed by three-step, open, axial, and selective coding. Results: In the open coding, 70 cods were identified that categorized axially into nine categories of Unawareness, taboo, subculture, family structure, club structure, personality characteristics of club factors, personal desires, social learning and child positioning, and in selective coding Sub classified into three contextual, structural and behavioral components. Conclusion: It seems that various factors play a role in the occurrence of violence against children in Iran's sport. Four elements of the individual, family, society and club are the main constituents of it, and the deficiency in each element can be a way for Violence against the child
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Verbal Violence, Physical Violence, Sports, Children
مراجع
Ahmadi, H., & Zanganeh, M. (2004) Sociological study of the factors affecting the violence of husbands against women in the family. Journal of the Sociological Association of Iran, 3, 172-187. (Persian).
Alexander, K., Stafford, A., & Lewis, R. (2011). The experiences of children participating in organized sport in the UK. Edinburgh: Dunedin Academic Press.
Bakhtiyar Nasrabadi, H. A., Behradan, M. S., & Behradan, H. R. (2011). The relation between critical rationality and ethics of society. Strategic Quarterly, 59, 139-166.
Bandura, Albert (1963). Social learning and personality development. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston
Behroozi, N., Farzadi, F., & Faramarzi, H. (2016). The relationship of physical and emotional violence with managing anger and aggressive behaviors of children with oppositional disorder with mediating relationship between parent-child and empathy. Quarterly Journal of Mental Health of the Child, 3(3), 43-58. (Persian).
Behzadfar, F. (2011) Investigating individual and social factors on the incidence of sexual abuse among women working in Tehran. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran. (Persian).
Belali Meybodi, F., & Hasani, M. (2009) Frequency of violence against women by their spouses in Kerman city. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 15(3), 300-307. (Persian).
Boocock, S. (2008). The child protection in sport unit. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 8(2), 99-106.
Bourdieu, P. (2008). About television and the dominance of journalism. (N. Fakouhi, translator). Tehran: Eshyn Publication. (Persian).
Brackenridge, C. (2001). Spoilsports: Understanding and preventing sexual exploitation in sport. London: Routledge.
Brackenridge, C., Bringer, J., & Bishopp, D. (2005). Managing cases of abuse in sport. Child Abuse Review, 14, 259–274.
Cense, M., & Brackenridge, C. (2001). Temporal and developmental risk factors for sexual harassment and abuse in sport. European Physical Education Review, 7(1), 61–79.
Chalabi, M., & Rasoulzadeh Aghdam, S. (2002). The effects of family order and conflict on violence against children. Sociology, 4(2), 26-54. (Persian).
Child Protection in Sport Unit. (2003). Standards for safeguarding and protecting children in sport. Child Protection in Sport Unit: Leicester. Available at: file:///C:/Users/hamshahry/Downloads/english-standards.pdf (Accessed 14 July 2018)
Coakley Jay J. (1998)"Sport in Society: Issues and Controversies" Boston.New York McGraw-Hill Inc.
Crosset, T. (1986). Male coach female athlete relationships. Paper presented at the Norwegian Confederation of Sport Conference on Coaching Female Top-Level Athletes. Sole, Norway.
Englert, C. (2017). Ego depletion in sports: Highlighting the importance of self-control strength for high-level sport performance. Current Opinion in Psychology, 16, 1-5.
Fasting, K., Brackenridge, C., & Sundgot-Borgen, J. (2003). Experiences of sexual harassment and abuse among Norwegian elite female athletes and non-athletes. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 74(1), 84–97.
Fleury, T., & McLellan, K. (2009). Playing with fire. Chicago, IL: Triumph.
Fooladi, F. (2012). The study of the relationship between television violence and real violence among children. Media Studies, 7(18), 113-125.
Gervis, M., & Dunn, N. (2004). The emotional abuse of elite child athletes by their coaches. Child Abuse Review, 13, 215-223.
Giddens, A. (2008). Sociology. (M. Sabouri, translator). Tehran: Publication of Ney. (Persian).
Hartill, M. (2013). Concealment of child Sexual abuse in sport. Quest, 65(2), 241-254.
Hjelle, L. A., & Ziegler, D. J. (1992). Personality theories: Basic assumptions, research, and applications. New York : McGraw-Hill.
Kaffashi, M. (2010). The effect of the order and conflict in the family on violence against children. Social Research, 3(6), 75-108.
Karimi, S., Mohagheghi Kamal, S. H., Ghayed Amini Harouni, G., Ahmadi, S., & Jorgjaran Shoshtari, Z. (2015). Ecological study of violence against children in Iran: A cluster analysis. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 25(130), 87-99. (Persian).
Krug, E. G., Dahlberg, L. L., Mercy, J. A., Zwi, A. B., & Lozano, R. (2002). World report on violence and health. World Health Organization. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/42495/1/ 9241545615_eng.pdf (Accessed 11 March 2018).
Leahy, T., Pretty, G., & Tenenbaum, G. (2002). Prevalence of sexual abuse in organised competitive sport in Australia. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 8(2), 16–36.
Lenhart, Sh. A. (2004). Clinical aspects of sexual harassment and gender discrimination: Psychological consequences and treatment interventions. New York: Routledge.
Maktoobian, M., Ghasemi, V., & Hashemianfar, S. A. (2015) Expression of data model foundation on the sociological survey of sexual abuse and women's insecurity in hospital. A Survey on Social Issues in Iran, 6(1), 151-192. (Persian).
Mirzaei Ahrenjani, H., & Sarlak, M. (1997). A moment of organizational epistemology: The evolution, schools and management applications. Peak Noor Quarterly, 3(3), 69-78. (Persian).
Nayini, H., Moeed Far, S., Seraj Zadeh, H., & Feizi, A. (2015). Anomy Durkim & Merton's Theory: Similarities, differences and methods of measurement. Quarterly Journal of Social Welfare, 17(66), 9-52. (Persian).
Packman, C. (2009). Towards a violent absolute: Some reflections on Žižekian theology and violence. International Journal of Zizek Studies, 3(1), 1-11.
Rahimi Shad, A. (2016). The impact of culture on violence, fanoos analytical news. Available at: http://www.fanoosedu.ir/?p=1847 (Accessed 3 November). 2018 (Persian).
Romijn, D., van Kalmthout, J., Breedveld, K., & Lucassen, J. (2013) VSK-monitor 2013. Voortgangsrapportage Actieplan Naar een veiliger sportklimaat. Utrecht. https://www.tweedekamer.nl (Accesseed 5 november 2018 )
Smith, M. D. (1983). What is sports violence? A sociological perspective. In J. H. Goldstein (Ed.), Sports Violence (pp.33–45). New York: Springer-Verlag.
Sohrabzadeh, M., & Mansourian Ravandi, F. (2017). The experience of women's living from verbal violence in the family. Woman in Culture and Arts, 9(2), 245-264. (Persian).
Taghavi, M. (2016). The strategies of the football federation of England to counter the sexual abuse of children. Available at: http://www.bbc.com/persian/sport-38116510 (Accessed 15 May 2017). (Persian).
Tang, R (2008). Review and review: An introduction to feminist theories. (M. Najm Iraqi, translator). Tehran: Ney Publication. (Persian).
Thomlinson, P., & Strachan, D. (1996). Power and ethics in coaching. National Coaching Certification Program. Ottawa: Coaching Association of Canada
Tiessen-Raaphorst, A., Lucassen, J., van den Dool, R., & van Kalmthout, J. (2008). Weinig over de schreef. Een onderzoek naar onwenselijk gedrag in de breedtesport, ttps://www.scp.nl (Accessed vember 2018(
ابتدای صفحه