Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 . MA Student of Isfahan University, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Isfahan, Iran

2 Assistant professor of Isfahan University, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

One aspect of sports is ethics, necessary to be paid attention. Clubs as a sports institution can proceed to institutionalize ethics in athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify functions of sports clubs to institutionalize ethics in athletes. The research method was qualitative from the type of exploratory one and from the perspective of aim, it was applicable and in terms of method was field research. The statistical population included insightful and informed experts in the field of ethics and ethics in sports. Samples were chosen through purposive and available sampling and snowball method. In this study, 11 samples were interviewed to reach theoretical saturation point. Tool to collect data was depth interview, whose validity was examined based on topic selection, accuracy in designing, conduct and typing interviews, accurate transcription of interviews, incorporation of questions in interview in a logical order and accuracy in reports preparation. Its reliability was evaluated through retest method, and the reliability coefficient of the interviews was calculated 77%. To analyze the data, codification was done through MAXQDA10 software. The results indicates totally 26 functions (12 regulative, 8 normative, 6 cognitive functions) of clubs to institutionalize ethics in athletes; So, by cognition, planning and creating some mechanisms for operating regulative, normative and cognitive functions in the sport clubs, the process of institutionalization of ethics in athletes could be facilitated and the ethics of sports clubs could be seen.

Keywords

Main Subjects

  1. Hamednia, R. (2013). Sports and Athletics from the Viewpoint of Islam. Journal of Knowledge. 22(186): 87-98. (Persian)
  2. Hasanpour, A., Abasi, T., Hadipour, A. (2017). Identification and Prioritization of Institutionalization of Ethics in Organization. Ethics in Sciences and Technology Quarterly. 12(1): 97-114. (Persian)
  3. Hosseini, N., Abbasi, E. (2012). The Ways of Institutionalization of Professional Ethics in Organizations from Perspective of Religion Doctrines. Islam and Managerial Researches. 2(1): 129-154. (Persian)
  4. Irvani, M. J. (2001). Institutional Theory. Tehran: Siasat Publication.p:118-119 (Persian)
  5. Javanmard, K., Navabakhsh, M. (2014). Sociological Study of Sport Function on Social Integrity in Iran in the 80s: Case Study of Kerman. Iranian Journal of Social Sciences Studies. 11(41): 37-54. (Persian)
  6. Jose, A., & Thibodeaux, M. S. (1999). Institutionalization of ethics: The perspective of managers. Journal of Business Ethics. 22(2): 133-143.
  7. Kaptein, M. (2008). ‘Developing and Testing a Measure for the Ethical Culture of Organizations: The Corporate Ethical Virtues Model. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 29(7): 923-947.
  8. Kaptein, M. (2009). Ethics Programs and Ethical Culture: A Next Step in Unraveling their Multi-Faceted Relationship. Journal of Business Ethics. 89(2): 261-281.
  9. Karimzadeh, S. (2010). The Psychological Mechanisms of the Process of Internalization of Ethical Values. Psychology and Religion quarterly. 3(2): 5-28. (Persian)
  10. Khabiri, M., Elahi, A. (2005). Comparing the Status of the Professional Soccer League Clubs of the Islamic Republic of Iran According to the Criteria of UEFA and Selected Clubs of Japan, South Korea, UAE and Turkey. Research in Sport Sciences. 3(8): 15-34. (Persian)
  11. Khastar, H. (2009). Providing a Method for Calculating the Reliability of Coding Stage in Research Interviews. Methodology of Social Sciences and Humanities Journal. 15(58): 174-161. (Persian)
  12. Lee, D. J., Grace, B. Y., Sirgy, M. J., Singhapakdi, A., & Lucianetti, L. (2018). The Effects of Explicit and Implicit Ethics Institutionalization on Employee Life Satisfaction and Happiness: The Mediating Effects of Employee Experiences in Work Life and Moderating Effects of Work–Family Life Conflict. Journal of Business Ethics. 147(4): 855-874.
  13. Lloyd, H. R., & Mey, M. R. (2010). An Ethics Model to Develop an Ethical Organization. Journal of Human Resource Management. 8(1): 1-12.
  14. Marta, J. K. M., Singhapakdi, A., Lee, D. J., Sirgy, M. J., Koonmee, K., & Virakul, B. (2013). Perceptions about Ethics Institutionalization and Quality of Work Life: Thai versus American Marketing Managers. Journal of Business Research. 66(3): 381-389.
  15. Meyer, J. W., & Rowan, B. (1977). Institutionalized Organizations: Formal Structure as Myth and Ceremony. American Journal of Sociology. 83(2): 340-363.
  16. Nedaee, T., Alavi, Kh. (2008). Ethics in Sport with an Approach of Fair Play. Scientific and Research Quarterly of the University of Qom. 10(2): 187-220. (Persian)
  17. Orr, R. J., & Scott, W. R. (2008). Institutional Exceptions on Global Projects: A Process Model. Journal of International Business Studies. 39(4): 562-588.
  18. Popoola, I. T., Garner, B., Ammeter, A., Krey, N., Beu Ammeter, D., & Schafer, S. (2017). How does Ethics Institutionalization reduce academic cheating?. Journal of Education for Business. 92(1): 29-35.
  19. Razaghi, M. E., Mehrabi, Gh. (2017). Ethics in Sport (Concepts, Challenges, Solutions). Tehran: Nedaye-karafarin Publications. p:341. (Persian)
  20. Rezaei Soufi, M., Farahani, A., Shabani A. (2017). The Environmental Analysis of Professional Sports in Iran. Applied Research of Sport Management. 6(1): 109-119. (Persian)
  21. Scott, W. R. (1995). Institutions and Organizations. Foundations for Organizational Science. London: A Sage Publication Series. P: 33-37.
  22. Scott, W. R. (2008). Approaching Adulthood: the Maturing of Institutional Theory. Theory and Society. 37(5): 427.
  23. Scott, W. R. (2014). Institutions and Organizations: Ideas, Interests, and Identities. (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. P: 61-62.
  24. Sharifian, F. (2015). The Effect of Belief on Moral Motivation. Philosophy of Ethics. MA thesis. Faculty of Theology. University of Qom. p: 8. (Persian)
  25. Sims, R. R. (2003). Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility: Why Giants Fall. Greenwood Publishing Group. P: 242.
  26. Singhapakdi, A., & Vitell, S. J. (2007). Institutionalization of Ethics and its Consequences: A Survey of Marketing Professionals. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science. 35(2): 284-294. ‏
  27. Tolbert, P. S., & Zucker, L. G. (1999). The Institutionalization of Institutional Theory. Studying Organization. Theory & Method. London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi. 169-184.
  28. Valentine, S., & Fleischman, G. (2008). Ethics Programs, Perceived Corporate Social Responsibility and Job Satisfaction. Journal of Business Ethics. 77(2): 159-172.
  29. Vitell, S. J., & Singhapakdi, A. (2008). The Role of Ethics Institutionalization in Influencing Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction, and Esprit de corps. Journal of Business Ethics. 81(2): 343-353.
  30. Vrolijk, M. H., & Van Der Vlist, A. J. (2010). Institutionalization of Ethics: Perceptions of Workers in Construction Companies. In TG59 & W112-Special Track 18th CIB World Building Congress Salford, United Kingdom. 171-179.