پژوهش در ورزش تربیتی

مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری: عاملهای مؤثر بر فرایند مشارکت ورزشی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیأت علمی دانشگاه گیلان

2 گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

3 پژوهشگر مستقل

4 دانشچوی دکترای بررسی مسائل اجتماعی ایران، دانشگاه مازندران

چکیده
در جهان امروز، ورزش و رویدادهای ورزشی به بخش مهمی از زندگی روزمره تبدیل شده‌اند. مشارکت ورزشی افراد تحت‌تأثیر عوامل مختلفی چون جامعه­پذیری ورزشی و عوامل ساختاری- اجتماعی شکل می‌گیرد؛ ازاین‌رو، پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از رویکرد کنش متقابل نمادین قصد دارد به بررسی جامعه‌شناختی فرایند مشارکت ورزشی بپردازد. بدین‌منظور، با استفاده از روش کمی و مقیاس‌های جامعه‌پذیری ورزشی (سیج، 1980؛ گریندورفر و همکاران، 1986؛ گریندورفر و لوکو، 1987؛ لئو و همکاران، 2004؛ سیسلاک و همکاران، 2004)، هویت ورزشی (سیسلاک و همکاران، 2004)، تعهد ورزشی (کسپر و اندرو، 2008)، محدودیت‌های اجتماعی- ساختاری (الکساندریس و کارول، 1997؛ لی و همکاران، 2004) و مشارکت ورزشی (کانگ، 2013)، و نمونه­ای به حجم 574 نفر از ورزشکاران شهر رشت، با استفاده از مدل معادلات ساختاری فرضیه‌های پژوهش آزمون شدند. نتایج نشان داد که فرایند مشارکت ورزشی ورزشکاران، در وهلة اول به‌طورکلی با جامعه­پذیری ورزشی آغاز می‌شود. ازطریق فرایند جامعه­پذیری و میزان حمایت‌های دریافتی مختلف، فرایند مشارکت ورزشی اولیه آغاز می‌شود. در مرحلة بعد، با استمرار مشارکت ورزشی، هویت ورزشی ورزشکاران شکل می‌گیرد. درهمین‌راستا، با توجه به نقشی که هویت ورزشی در بازتعریف ورزشکاران در جامعه دارد، تعهد ورزشی نیز شکل می­گیرد. همچنین، فشارهای ساختاری و اجتماعی نقش تعیین‌کننده‌ای در فرایند جامعه­پذیری ورزشی، هویت ورزشی، تعهد ورزشی و مشارکت ورزشی ورزشکاران ایفا می‌کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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پژوهش در ورزش تربیتی
دوره 6، شماره 15
پاییز و زمستان 1397
آذر 1397
صفحه 223-246

  • تاریخ دریافت 12 خرداد 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری 20 شهریور 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش 27 شهریور 1396

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