پژوهش در ورزش تربیتی

تاثیر بازی بر پایه فعالیت هوازی و تمرینات هوازی بر نیمرخ لیپیدی کودکان دارای اضافه وزن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی فیزیولوژی ورزشی دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی دانشگاه تهران، ایران

2 استاد فیزیولوژی ورزشی دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی دانشگاه تهران، ایران

چکیده
اضافه وزن و چاقی، از مشکلات اصلی سلامت در دنیای مدرن هستند که روند شیوع آن در تمام سنین افزایشی است. این معضل در بزرگسالی با چاقی دوران کودکی ارتباط مستقیم دارد، به‌طوری‌که احتمال چاقی در بزرگسالی برای کودکان چاق، 2 تا 3 برابر کودکان غیرچاق است. فعالیت بدنی تأثیر مثبتی بر کاهش اضافه وزن و عوارض آن دارد، اما تأثیر بازی‌ها در این زمینه کمتر بررسی شده است. در پژوهش حاضر ، 15 دانش‌آموز پسر دارای اضافه وزن (میانگین سنی 1±9.5 سال، قد 10±135 سانتی‌متر، وزن 7 ±48 کیلوگرم، شاخص توده بدنی  1 ±26 از استان تهران به‌صورت تصادفی به سه گروه 5 نفری بازی، تمرین هوازی و کنترل تقسیم شدند. گروه‌های بازی و تمرین هوازی به مدت چهار هفته، سه جلسه در هفته و هر جلسه 2000 متر (2 کیلومتر) فعالیت داشتند. قبل و بعد از دوره، خون‌گیری در حالت ناشتا برای بررسی نیمرخ لیپیدی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که پس از اتمام دوره، HDL در گروه بازی (p=0.031) و تمرین هوازی (p=0.003) به‌طور معناداری افزایش یافت. همچنین، کاهش معناداری در کلسترول (گروه بازی p=0.027، تمرین p=0.013)، تری‌گلیسیرید (گروه بازی p=0.033، تمرین p=0.019) و LDL (گروه بازی p=0.033، تمرین p=0.038) مشاهده شد. در مجموع این پژوهش نشان داد  هر دو روش تمرین و بازی، تغییرات معناداری در نیمرخ لیپیدی ایجاد کردند. کاهش کلسترول و LDL و افزایش HDL در تمرین هوازی بیشتر بود، اما بازی ورزشی تأثیر بیشتری در کاهش تری‌گلیسیرید داشت. در نتیجه کودکان نباید از بازی جدا شوند تا سلامت بزرگسالی خود را تضمین کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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پژوهش در ورزش تربیتی
دوره 12، شماره 35
خرداد 1403
صفحه 55-70

  • تاریخ دریافت 27 خرداد 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 06 بهمن 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 13 اسفند 1403

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