نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه شمال، آمل، ایران.
2 استادیار دانشگاه هنر، تهران، ایران
3 دکتری مدیریت ورزشی دانشگاه شمال
چکیده
هدف از این پژوهش، تدوین مدل عوامل موثر بر مهاجرت دانشجویان و دانش‌آموختگان علوم ورزشی به خارج از کشور بود. روش پژوهش حاضر براساس هدف کاربردی و به صورت توصیفی‌پیمایشی بود. جامعه‌آماری شامل کلیه دانشجویان و دانش‌آموختگان علوم‌ورزشی کشور در تمامی مقاطع و گرایش‌های تحصیلی و روش نمونه‌گیری آن به صورت تصادفی ساده به تعداد384 نفرمی‌باشد. ابزار جمع‌آوری اطلاعات، پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته شامل 47سوال، که روایی محتوایی آن به وسیله هشت‌نفر از اساتید متخصص حوزه مدیریت ورزشی و پایایی آن به وسیله روش آلفای‌کرونباخ به میزان 96/0مورد تایید قرار گرفت. برای ارزیابی ساختار عاملی پرسشنامه، ابتدا از روش تحلیل‌عاملی اکتشافی و سپس روش تحلیل‌عاملی تاییدی برای تایید ساختارعاملی اکتشافی با استفاده از نرم‌افزارهای آماری SPSSو AMOS انجام پذیرفت. تحلیل‌عاملی اکتشافی به روش مولفه‌های اصلی به استخراج پنج عامل رفاهی‌واقتصادی، اجتماعی‌و‌فرهنگی، شغلی، سیاسی و آموزشی و پژوهشی انجامید که به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین واریانس مرتبط با عوامل‌موثر بر مهاجرت دانشجویان و دانش‌آموختگان علوم‌ورزشی به خارج از کشور به وسیله عامل آموزشی‌و‌پژوهشی (48/20واریانس) و عامل‌سیاسی (06/6 واریانس) تبیین گردید. همچنین نتایج تحلیل‌عاملی تاییدی نشان داد که مدل اکتشافی در این مطالعه از برازش قابل قبولی برخوردار است. باید پذیرفت که هرچند جاذبه‌ها خارج از کشور، خارج از اراده برنامه‌ریزان داخل کشور است، اما عوامل داخلی در اختیار حاکمیت‌ها و دولت‌ها می‌باشد. لذا پیشنهاد می‌شود تا شرایط رفاهی و اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی، سیاسی، شغلی و آموزشی و پژوهشی بهبود یابد تا خسارت‌های مادی و معنوی ناشی از مهاجرت نیروهای انسانی تحصیلکرده دانشگاهی در رشته تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی کمتر نصیب کشور گردد.
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