نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار دانشگاه دامغان
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر بر اساس مدل مشهور فرانظری تغییر رفتار (پروچسکا و همکاران، 1983) به بررسی فرایندهای تغییر رفتار تمرینی در دانشجویان پرداخته است. 292 دانشجو (144 پسر و 148 دختر) به صورت خوشهای چندمرحلهای انتخاب شدند. برای ارزیابی مراحل تغییر رفتار از مقیاس مراحل تغییر رفتار کاردینال (1997) و برای بررسی فرایندهای تغییر از پرسشنامة نیگ و همکاران (1999) استفاده شد. به منظور تحلیل دادهها از آزمونهای تحلیل واریانس یک‌سویه و تحلیل تابع تشخیصی چندگانه استفاده شد. ننایج نشان داد در فرایندهای رفتاری (نه شناختی) بین مراحل تغییر رفتار تمرینی تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد (0.05<P). برای فرایندهای رفتاری در متغیرهای کنترل محرک، ارتباطات کمکی و شرطیسازی متقابل، بین مراحل مختلف تغییر رفتار تمرینی تفاوت معناداری مشاهده شد. نتایج نشان داد که فرایندهای رفتاری، پیشبینیکنندة معنادار عضویت افراد در مراحل تغییر رفتار تمرینی هستند. نتایج این پژوهش بر نقش بااهمیت حساسیتهای محیطی نسبت به فعالیتبدنی فرد، وجود جایگزینهای رفتاری مطلوب و ایجاد محیطی با محرکهای تمرینی بسیار تأکید میکند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
- Biddle, S. J., and Nigg, C, R. (2000). Theories of exercise behaviour. International Journal of Sport Psychology. 31, 290-304.
- Blalock, S. J., DeVellis, B. M., Patterson, C. C., Campbell, M. K., Orenstein, D. R., & Dooley, M, A. (2002). Effects of an osteoporosis prevention program incorporating tailored educational materials. American Journal of Health Promotion, 16, 146-156.
- Buckworth. J., & Wallace, L. S. (2002). Application of the transtheoretical model to physically active adults. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 42, 360-367.
- Cardinal, B. J. (1997). Construct validity of stages of change for exercise behavior. American Journal of Health Promotion. 12, 68-74.
- Charkazi, A., Fazli, L., Alizadehi, F., Fazelnia, A., Kouchaki, G. M., & Bakhsha, F. (2013). Evaluation of regular physical activity and its association with psychological constructs Based on transtheoretical Model among student of Golestan University of Medical Sciences. Journal of Health Education and Health Promotion. 1(4), 57-68. (Persian)
- Dallow, C. B., & Anderson, J. (2003). Using self-efficacy and a transtheoretical model to develop a physical activity intervention for obese women. American Journal of Health Promotion, 17, 373- 381.
- Garber, C. E. D., Allsworth, J. E., Marcus, B. H., Hesser, J., & Lapane, K. L. (2008). Correlates of the Stages of Change for Physical Activity in a Population Survey. Am J Public Health, 98(5), 897-904.
- Guo, B., Aveyard, P., Fielding, A., & Sutton, S. (2009). Do the Transtheoretical Model processes of change decisional balance and temptation predict stage movement? Evidence from smoking cessation in adolescents. Journal Compilation Society for the Study of Addiction. 104, 828-838.
- Hall, K. L., & Rossi, J. S. (2008). Meta-analytic examination of the strong and weak principles across 48 health behaviors. Journal of Peer Review Medecision, 46(3), 266-274.
- Herrick, A. B., Stone, W. J., & Mettler, M. M. (1997). Stages of change, decisional balance, and self-efficacy across four health behaviors in a worksite environment. American Journal of Health Promotion, 12, 49-56.
- Ishii, K., Inoue, S., Ohya, Y., Odagiri, Y., Takamiya, T., Suijo, K., Owen, N., & Shimomitsu, T. (2009). Sociodemographic Variation in the Perception of Barriers to Exercise Among Japanese Adults. Journal Epidemiol, 19(4), 161-168.
- Kim, C, J. (2002). Process of change, decisional balance and self-efficacy corresponding to the stage of exercise behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Korean Acad Adults Nurs, 14(1), 83-92.
- Kim, S. Y., Kim, S. I., Chun, Y. J., Lee, P. S., Lee, S. J., Park, E. S et al. (2000). A prediction model for stages of change of exercise in the Korean elderly: Based on the Transtheoretical Model. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 30, 366–379.
- Kim, Y. H. (2007). Application of the transtheoretical model to identify psychological constructs influencing exercise behavior: a questionnaire survey. International Journal of Nurse student, 44(6), 936-944.
- Kim, Y. H., Cardinal, B. J & Lee, J. (2006). Understanding exercise behavior among adults: a test of the transtheoretical model. International Journal of Behavior Medecine, 13(4), 295-303.
- Lach, H. W., Everard, K. M., Highstein, G., & Brownson, C. A. (2004). Application of the treanstheoretical Model to Health Education for Older Adults. Health Promotion Practice, 5(1), 88-93.
- Lenio, J. A. (2005). Analysis of the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change. Journal of Student Research, 73-86.
- Lipschitz, J. M., Yusufov, M., Paiva, A., Redding, C. A., Rossi, J. S., Johnson, S., Blissmer, B., Gokbayrak, N. S., Velicer, W. F., & Prochaska, J. O. (2015). Transtheoretical Principles and Processes for Phycical Activity: A Longitudinal 24-Month Comparison of Maintainers, Relapsers and Nonchangers. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 37, 592-606.
- Mahdavi, R., Ghannadiasl, F., & Asghari Jafarabadi, M. (2016). Effect of a Balanced Low-Calorie Diet With or Without Nutrition Education on Weight Loss and Processes of Behavior Change Among Healthy Obese Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 18(3), e24390.
- Marcus, B. H., & Simkin, L. R. (1994). The transtheoretical model: Applications to exercise behavior. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 26, 1400_1404.
- Marshal, S. J., & Biddle, S. (2001). The Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change: A Meta-Analysis of Applications to Physical Activity and Exercise. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 23(4), 229-246.
- Mutrie, N., Carney, C., Blamey, A., Crawford, F., Aitchison, T., & Whitelaw, A. (2002). Walk in to Work Out: A randomized controlled trial of a self help intervention to promote active commuting. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 56, 407-412.
- Nigg, C. R., Norman, G. J., Rossi, J. S., & Benisovich, S. V. (1999). Process of Behaviors Change: Redeveloping the Scale. Poster presented at SBM. San Diego, CA.
- Nizt, J. C & Choy, N. L. (2007). Changes in activity level in women aged 40-80 years. Climacteric, 10, 408-415.
- Noar, S. M., Benac, C, N., & Harris, M. S. (2007). Does tailoring matter? Meta-analytic review of tailored print health behavior change interventions. Psychological Bulletin, 4, 673-693.
- Patten, S., Vollman, A., & Thurston, W. (2000). The utility of the transtheoretical model of behavior change for HIV risk reduction in injection drug users. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 11(1), 57-66.
- Paul, D. L., & Bradley, J. C. (2013). Self-efficacy mediates the relationship between behavioralprocesses of change and physical activity in older breast cancer survivors. Breast Cancer, 20, 47-52.
- Prochaska, J., Butterworth, S., Redding, C. A., Burden, V., Perrin, N., Lea, M., Flaherty R. M., & Prochaska, J. M. (2008). Initial efficacy of MI, TTM tailoring, and HRI’s in multiple behaviors for employee health promotion. Preventive Medicine, 46, 226-231.
- Prochaska, J., & Diclemente, C. (1983). Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: Toward an integrative model of change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 390_395.
- Prochaska, J., DiClemente, C., & Norcross, J. (1992). In search of how people change: Applications to addictive behaviors. American Psychology, 47, 1102-1114.
- Prochaska, J., & Velicer, W. (1997). The transtheoretical model of health behavior change. American Journal of Health Promotion, 12, 11-12.
- Ramezanzade, H., & Arabnarmi, B. (2016). Prediction Stages of Exercise Behavior Change based of Decisional Balance and self-efficacy. Research on Educational Sport, 4(10): 97-114. (Persian)
- Rodgers, W., Courneya, K., & Bayduza, A. (2001). Examination of the Transtheoretical model and exercise in 3 populations. American Journal of Health Behavior, 25(1), 33-41.
- Romain, A. J., Attalin, V., Sultan, A., Boegner, C., Gernigon, C., & Avignon, A. (2014). Experiential or behavioral processes: Which one is prominent in physical activity? Examining the processes of change 1 year after an intervention of therapeutic education among adults with obesity. Patient Education and Counseling, 97, 261-268.
- Romain, A. J., Bernard, P., Hokayem, M., Gernigon, C., & Avignon, A. (2014). Measuring the Processes of change from the Transtheoretical Model for physical activity and exercise in overweight and obese adults. American Journal of Health Promotion.
- Scholl, R. (2002). The transtheoretical model of behavior change. American Journal of Health Behavior. 25(1), 33-41.
- Moattari, M., Shafakhah, M., & Sabet Sarvestani, R. (2013). Assessing Stages of Exercise Behavior Change, Self-Efficacy and Decisional Balance in Iranian Nursing and Midwifery Students. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 7, 1-26.
- Spencer, L., Adams, T. B., Malone, S., Roy, L and Yost, E. (2006). Applying the Transtheoretical Model to Exercise: A Systematic and Comprehensive Review of the Literature. Health Promotion Practice, 7(4), 428-443.
- Velicer, W., Prochaska, J., Fava, J., Norman, G., & Redding, C. (1998). Smoking cessation and stress management: Applications of the Transtheoretical Model of behavior change. Homeostasis, 38, 216-233.
- Yoo, J. (2009). The Theory of Planned Behavior and the Transtheoretical Model in Exercise Contexts: Korean Studies. International Journal of of Applied Sport Science, 21 (2), 35-47.
)