نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تهران مرکزی، تهران، ایران.
2 دانشیار گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تهران مرکزی، تهران، ایران.
3 دانشیار گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
هدف از این پژوهش اولویت بندی رویکردها و روشهای آموزش المپیزم با توجه به معیارهای فرهنگی و آموزشی کشور است. در ابتدا جهت مشخص نمودن معیارهای مورد مطالعه از روش دلفی فازی و سپس برای وزندهی به نظر دبیران تربیت بدنی به رویکردها و روشهای آموزشی از روش تاپسیس استفاده شد. نمونه آماری تحقیق متشکل از دو گروه بود؛ گروه اول 15 نفر از متخصصین حوزه تربیت بدنی که در زمینه المپیزم سابقه پژوهش داشتند و گروه دوم 300 نفر از دبیران تربیت بدنی فعال در آموزش و پرورش بودند. پنج معیار منابع دانش، عوامل فرهنگی، منابع مالی، اثربخشی و امکانات سخت افزاری بعنوان معیارهای تأثیرگذار توسط متخصصین انتخاب شدند. با در نظر گرفتن این پنج معیار، رویکرد زندگی محور با ضریب نزدیکی 0/804 از بالاترین اولویت و رویکرد مبتنی بر تجربه با ضریب نزدیکی 0/733 از پایینترین اولویت بعنوان رویکردهای آموزش المپیزم در مدارس برخوردار بودند. در میان روشهای آموزش، ترکیب ارزشها با چالشهای اجتماعی روز دانش آموزان و آموزش مسائل اجتماعی با استفاده از تجربیات قهرمانان ورزشی در رتبه های اول و دوم قرار گرفتند. با توجه به نو بودن آموزش المپیک در حوزه آموزشی، منابع دانش جزء مهمترین معیارها در انتخاب رویکردها و روشها میباشند. همچنین انتخاب رویکرد زندگی محور بیانگر نیاز سیستمهای آموزشی به جدا شدن از رویکردهای سنتی آموزش و همراه شدن با سیستمهای آموزشی روز دنیا است. علاوه بر این موارد، تلفیق زندگی اجتماعی با آموزه های المپیزم و تربیت بدنی دامنۀ تأثیرگذاریِ روشهای آموزشی را بسیار گسترده میسازد.
کلیدواژهها
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